Summary

This is a summary mercantile action filed by Avícola Las Margaritas, S.A. (as successor to Importadora de Alimentos de Guatemala, S.A.) against Lisa, S.A., seeking a declaration of extinctive prescription over dividends approved at the June 10, 2014 shareholders’ meeting of Importadora de Alimentos de Guatemala, S.A.

Decisions

Fifth Civil Court of First Instance (Multi-Judge)
June 11th, 2024
Issues

Whether the claimed dividends (June 10, 2014 assembly) were time-barred by prescription.

Ruling

The court dismissed the summary prescripción claim against Lisa (sin lugar) and upheld Lisa’s defenses, including lack of exigibility, lack of free disposition, third-party measures, and interruption of prescription; costs against the losing party.

Effect

Lisa prevailed at trial; the prescripción demand was denied.

Order|Fifth Civil CourtJune 11th, 2024
First Civil and Commercial Court of Appeals
November 4th, 2024
Issues

Appeal by Avícola Las Margaritas challenging the trial judgment that dismissed its claim and accepted multiple defenses.

Ruling

The Court partially granted Avícola’s appeal, but still kept the claim dismissed. It (i) again declared “sin lugar” the prescripción suit, (ii) annulled several Lisa defenses (lack of exigibility, lack of free disposition, third-party measures, interruption), (iii) kept Lisa’s negative answer and “falta de veracidad” exception, and (iv) waived costs in the instance.

Effect

The dismissal of the claim stood, while Lisa’s defense grounds were narrowed on appeal.

Appeal Ruling|Court of AppealsNovember 4th, 2024
Supreme Court
July 3rd, 2025
Issues

Avícola filed a cassation appeal; Lisa submits written arguments (alegato para la vista) urging the Supreme Court to reject cassation and confirm the appellate ruling.

Arguments

Lisa argues, in substance, that: (a) the dividends lacked immediate legal exigibility, (b) there was no free disposition due to precautionary measures/embargoes, and (c) prescription was interrupted by judicial/extrajudicial acts; therefore prescripción cannot be declared, and cassation should be dismissed with costs.

Effect

No Supreme Court ruling yet; cassation remains pending.

Cassation|Lisa, S.A.July 3rd, 2025

Conclusion

The extinctive-prescription action brought by Avícola Las Margaritas, S.A. against Lisa, S.A. has been defeated in both first and second instance. The courts determined that the 2014 dividend decree was not immediately enforceable, since payment timing was left to the company’s administration, making prescription inapplicable. This record favors Lisa’s position that the dividends are not extinguished by prescription, but a final outcome awaits the Supreme Court’s decision on cassation.